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How to Make Activated Carbon from Bamboo?
Activated bamboo carbon is also called activated carbon from bamboo. It is an activated carbon product made from natural bamboo through carbonization, activation, and other processes. The specific surface area of activated carbon from bamboo can reach more than 900m2/g-2000m2/g. Due to the developed pore structure, it has super adsorption capacity. Bamboo activated carbon is mainly used in air purification, deodorization, water treatment, medicine, decolorization, and other industries.
Raw material
Natural Bamboo and Bamboo Waste
Process
Carbonization, activation and regeneration process
Mainstream craft
Physical method, zinc chloride method, phosphoric acid method
Material Advantages
Similar to other activated carbon from biomass, bamboo is also a high-quality raw material for making activated carbon.
Wide bamboo distribution area
Bamboo resources are widely distributed in the world. China, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Japan, and other Asia-Pacific regions, Argentina, the United States, and other American regions, Mozambique, Sudan, and other African regions, all have a large number of bamboo forests.
High-quality activated carbon raw material
Bamboo resources have the advantages of fast growth and short cultivation period. Generally, bamboo that has grown for more than two years can be cut down and used. Once cultivated and managed properly, it can be used for sustainable operation, which has great economic benefits. Moreover, as a raw material for the production of activated carbon, the quality of bamboo activated carbon is comparable to that of wood activated carbon. Compared with the cost of sacrificing large wood forest resources, bamboo activated carbon is more suitable for the needs of social development. These advantages make bamboo a high-quality raw material for activated carbon.
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Preparation Technology of Activated Bamboo Carbon
The process of preparing bamboo activated carbon is roughly divided into two processes. One is to carbonize bamboo materials under the protection of inert gas. The second is to activate the carbide.
The higher the carbonization temperature of bamboo activated carbon, the longer the required activation time. In the activation process of activated carbon, there are two kinds of physical activation and chemical activation. The internal structure of activated carbon changes through activation. The pores of the activated carbon become larger and the specific surface area increases, which enhances the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon. Among the two activation methods, chemical activation has the advantages of low temperature and short activation time, which is better than physical activation. However, there are few commonly used chemical activators known, and there are residual chemical components.
Mainstream Bamboo Activated Carbon Activation Method
Steam activation method
Using bamboo joints and bamboo waste as raw materials, using 700W microwave power, activation time 7 minutes, water vapor flow 3.1Ml/min. The activated carbon prepared under this process condition has an iodine value adsorption value of 1012.2 mg/g, a methylene blue decolorization rate of 165 Ml/g, and a yield of 52.3%. The activation time required by this process is about 1/45 of the traditional method, and the yield is about 2 times that of the traditional method.
ZnCl2 activation method
Activated carbon was prepared by the zinc chloride method. The optimal process conditions were an activation temperature of 600°C, an impregnation ratio of 150%, and an activation time of 60-90min. The methylene blue decolorization power is 215mL/g, the iodine adsorption value is 861mg/g, the pore size is concentrated at 4.5nm, and the specific surface area is as high as 1696m2/g.
H3PO4 activation method
Using bamboo shavings as raw material and activated by the phosphoric acid method, granular activated carbon with well-developed meso-micropores was prepared, and its pore distribution was dominated by meso-micropores, reaching 86.3%. The specific surface area of bamboo activated carbon was 2103 m2/g, and the methylene blue adsorption value was 200 mL/g. Suitable for liquid decolorization refining and gasoline vapor recovery.